UNIT 12. PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES (3º E.P.)

UNIT 12. PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES

FAMILY, FRIENDS AND NEIGHBOURS

·         Family

In a family there is affection, respect and collaboration.

·         Friends

Friends are people who like the same things as us.

·         Neighbours

Neighbours are the people who live near us.

SCHOOL

At school boys and girls learn, study and receive an education.

Children are divided into clases according to the age.

There are also adults that work in a school:

-          Teaching staff: teachers, head of studies, headteacher, etc

-          Non-teaching staff: secretary, cook, caretaker, etc

Some things we do at school are:

-          We study different subjects

-          We learn to cooperate, communicate and have fun.

-          We learn sports.

-          We learn different cultures and ways of life.

THE COMMUNITY

·         What is a community?

A community is a group of buildings, streets and squares where people live.

A small community is a villaje, a big community is a town and a very big community is a city. Tthe different areas are neighbourhoods.

·         The town council

The town council is the group of people who organize the community. The mayor is the most important and the councillors help him.

·         How a community Works

-          Buildings: public buildings (hospitals, libraries) and private (house)

-          Streets: roads for vehicles and pavements for pedestrians.

-          Street furniture: traffic lights, bins, etc

-          Pipes and cables for water, electricity and telephone.

-          Businesses: shops, restaurants, etc

-          Public transport: buses and underground

-          Services: emegency services like police. The dustbin lorry collects the rubbish.

-          Free time: Parks, sports centres, libraries.

UNIT 11. TOOLS AND MACHINES (3º E.P.)

UNIT 11. TOOLS AND MACHINES

TOOLS AND MACHINES

Tools and machines are things that make our life easier.

A machines is a group of parts that use energy to carry out a task. There are two types of machines:

- Simple machines: For example, the lever. It has two parts: an arm and a head. We use a lever to lift an object suppoted on the head using the energy of the arm.

- Complex machines: For example, a motor (it uses electricity or petrol).

TOOLS AND MACHINES FOR WORK

We need tolos and machines because theypermit us to do jobs quickly, easily and safely. For example today in agriculture we use tractors and in the past farmers worked with their hands. In building, now we lift weights using cranes but in the past, people did it by hand.

TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATION AND HAVING FUN

·         Communication

-          The radio: produces sound.

-          The television: produces moving pictures and sounds.

-          The telephone: permits us to talk over long distances. There are fixed telephones and mobile phones.

-          The internet and computers: permits us to receive different types of information.

·         Having fun

-          To create art: to take photos, to make films, record music..

-          To play sports: footballs, basketballs, racing cars…

-          Top lay: electronical toys

-          To entertain and inform: computer, radios, MP3…